In terms of strengthening muscles, what is the principle of overload?

The principle of overload asserts that to enhance muscle strength, one must increase the amount of weight or resistance applied to the muscles over time. This principle is grounded in the physiological response of the body to stress: when muscles are subjected to increased demands, they endure microscopic damage, prompting the body to adapt by repairing and strengthening the muscle fibers. This process enables muscle growth and increased strength.

Using the same level of resistance consistently does not encourage adaptation, as the muscles do not face new challenges. Similarly, exercising with less resistance or only using bodyweight movements can limit potential strength gains for individuals who have progressed beyond basic fitness levels. The essence of the overload principle is to push beyond current capabilities, ensuring continued improvement and adaptation in muscle strength and endurance.