Which types of cells are considered anti-tumor immune cells?

Natural killer (NK) cells are indeed considered anti-tumor immune cells due to their specialized role in the immune response. These cells are a type of lymphocyte that can recognize and kill cells that are infected with viruses or exhibit abnormal properties, such as cancerous cells. Their mechanism of action involves releasing cytotoxic granules that can induce apoptosis (programmed cell death) in target cells, thereby limiting the spread of tumors and contributing to the overall immune surveillance of the body.

NK cells are part of the innate immune system and are particularly important because they can respond quickly to a wide range of tumor cells without the need for prior sensitization to a specific tumor antigen. This allows for an immediate defense against emerging tumors. Their efficacy in attacking and destroying tumor cells has made them a significant focus in cancer research and immunotherapy strategies, aimed at enhancing their activity to improve cancer treatment outcomes.

In contrast, other types of cells listed do not primarily function as anti-tumor cells. Red blood cells do not have a role in immune response; platelets are primarily involved in clotting and wound healing; and while macrophages can have anti-tumor activity, they have a more complex role in both promoting and inhibiting tumor growth depending on their